True, Chiang Kai-shek led the Nationalists while Mao Zedong led the Communists
The united states came up with all that
It improved New Yorks economy and was the second longest canal at the time it was built
They are considered to be enlightened despots because they still ruled absolutely, but they did implement many things that came from the west and was a part of the enlightenment philosophy. They were like benevolent dictators, they did what they wanted but it was usually a good thing for the people.