The Best Explanation for why the Cold War is not Included in the chart Is because:
~That was not a Conventional War, and its Costs are Measured by the Individual Proxy Wars.
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A) Railroads
Railroads helped to transport resources, manufactured goods, and people all over North America, greatly speeding up the industrialization of the entire continent, especially the United States. Where as industrialization previously existed mostly along coastal cities where materials could quickly be shipped to and from industrial centers, the entire continent was now much more easily accessible for this.
A - the citizens elect people to represent them in government.
In a republic the power is held by the people or who they elect - not a monarch (king) or small group of people, or even parole.
Are there any options to this question if there are what are they