the sentence that is being used in both excerpt are logos. The use of the logos appeal here is to give a reason to support and explain her purpose
Both use an appeal to logos by providing a reason to support her purpose.
B. The Emperor of Blefescu
I may not be 100% correct, but I'm pretty sure that's the answer.
I would say that d is the least effective choice because it is broad, has little detail, and has no proof. Many people would say c, but unlike d, c has proof to what you are trying to say.