Relations between the Soviet Union and the United States were driven by a complex interplay of ideological, political, and economic factors, which led to shifts between cautious cooperation and often bitter superpower rivalry over the years. The distinct differences in the political systems of the two countries often prevented them from reaching a mutual understanding on key policy issues and even, as in the case of the Cuban missile crisis, brought them to the brink of war.
The United States government was initially hostile to the Soviet leaders for taking Russia out of World War I and was opposed to a state ideologically based on communism. Although the United States embarked on a famine relief program in the Soviet Union in the early 1920s and American businessmen established commercial ties there during the period of the New Economic Policy (1921–29), the two countries did not establish diplomatic relations until 1933. By that time, the totalitarian nature of Joseph Stalin's regime presented an insurmountable obstacle to friendly relations with the West. Although World War II brought the two countries into alliance, based on the common aim of defeating Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union's aggressive, antidemocratic policy toward Eastern Europe had created tensions even before the war ended.
The Soviet Union and the United States stayed far apart during the next three decades of superpower conflict and the nuclear and missile arms race. Beginning in the early 1970s, the Soviet regime proclaimed a policy of détente and sought increased economic cooperation and disarmament negotiations with the West. However, the Soviet stance on human rights and its invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 created new tensions between the two countries. These tensions continued to exist until the dramatic democratic changes of 1989–91 led to the collapse during this past year of the Communist system and opened the way for an unprecedented new friendship between the United States and Russia, as well as the other new nations of the former Soviet Union.
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One way in which the modern era is different from the Middle Ages is that "<span>D. The modern era has seen more globalization than the Middle Ages," since the Middle Ages was very "inward looking" both socially and economically. </span>
Answer:
Explanation:
Current presidential agenda: The current presidential agenda lays out a long-term vision for modernizing the Federal Government in key areas that will improve the ability of agencies to work on behalf of the American people to: Deliver mission outcomes. Provide excellent service. Effectively steward taxpayer dollars.
Actions and legislation to support the presidential agenda
Once both chambers of Congress have each agreed to the bill, it is enrolled – that is, prepared in its final official form and then presented to the President. Beginning at midnight on the closing of the day of presentment, the President has ten days, excluding Sundays, to sign or veto the bill. If the bill is signed in that ten-day period, it becomes law. If the president declines to either sign or veto it – that is, he does not act on it in any way – then it becomes law without his signature (except when Congress has adjourned under certain circumstances).
Throughout the late eighteenth century and the early nineteenth century, most parts of Europe had a monarch who claimed to have the right to rule from <u>God.</u>
In opposition, <u>the Enlighment thinkers challenged the legitimacy </u>of those absolute monarchs and introduced the first democratic concepts during the last decades of the 18th century: social contract (the power of a state is held by the citizens who should transfer it to political representatives through suffrage), the division of powers (three branches of goverment: legislative, executive and judiciary, in order to prevent authoritarism), etc. These new principles directly threatened the pillars of the governments of the authoritarian kings, and brought reason to the political sphere.
When the legitimacy was questioned, the peace and stabiliy were broken and this is why the 19th century was denominated as the century of the revolutions in Europe.
