The Muslims managed to expand from the Arabian Peninsula towards the east fairly easily and this was due to the military power, unification, instability in the east, seeking for security and savior of the people in the east.
The Muslim were unified, and that was a very nice example for the people in the east that if they are unified they will be stronger, and they will also have better lives, and be more secure.
The east was divided into multiple smaller countries where there were constant battles and instability, so the Muslims with their unification propagation were seen as saviors. On top of it, the people in the east were desperate for a new savior, a divine figure, and the Muslims brought that to them.
There are many ways!!
Positives: You can build family unity, develop stable trust bonds
The correct answers are:
1. II and IV;
The relic boundaries are man-made boundaries that have existed in the past, but they are not existent in the present. This type of boundaries are often reminder of a period of dividing between the people with force. In the present, the relic boundaries may be found useful in order to divide the country into voting districts, but it can also very often be seen that even though the boundary doesn't exist anymore, the people on the opposite sides of it have different cultural traits. The perfect example is the Berlin Wall, where even nowadays it can easily be noticed that there's cultural differences between the Germans from the Western and the Eastern part.
2. II and IV;
The federal style of government is functioning very well in multiple countries throughout the world, but it also may be a step towards independence of a certain territory.
However, this system functions the best if a country has multiple ethnic groups, which dominate certain part of the country, or if the country has multiple political exclaves. A nice example is the Russian Federation, where these are the exact concepts used for the federal units in the country like Chechnya, Tuva, or Tatarstan.
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