For the first question, item D is correct because you'll need to place a comma before and after parenthetical elements: "<span>The beach, which closes after Labor Day, has white sand."
For the second question, item D is correct because commas are only needed for a series of three or more elements; thus, no commas are needed: "</span><span>I bought a beautiful pitcher and eight glasses."
For the third question, there are no commas needed; thus, item A is the correct sentence: "</span><span>The music made me sleepy." </span><span> For the fourth question, item C is the correct response because commas are needed after subordinate clauses that begin a sentence: "</span><span>As the band marched across the field, the crowd cheered." </span> For the fifth question, item D is the correct response because in order to keep from having a run-on sentence a comma is always needed before a conjunction that is connecting two complete sentences: "<span>He works long hours, yet he keeps up with his studies."</span>
