Not A, Not B, Not C, so the answer is D because the second statement is giving evidence not explaining the evidence
I believe the answer is idiom, the phrase is not comparing anything so simile and metaphor is out of the question, also personification is giving a non living thing human characteristics.
I think you're talking about a participal phrase.
Ex:Awakened by the blaring horns,Aaron looked out the window.
Answer:
b.is the answer ...........