Arab nationalism is the "sum total" of the characteristics and qualities exclusive to the Arab nation, whereas pan-Arab unity is the modern idea that stipulates that the separate Arab countries must unify to form a single state under one political system.
Russia indead is to the east of Germany. This has been a worry of Germany many times throughout history as they have had difficulties when defending their eastern front. The eastern front in general has proven to be quite difficult and exhausting for the German nation.
Texas,
This is because during the Mexican American war, Texas was a land claimed by Mexico, yet the U.S wanted to claim it. Native Americans were a problem in Texas aswell. Therefore, the Tejanos (Mexicans living in texas) built missionaries to convert Native Americans to the Mexican way of life and belief.
The Gilded Age displayed considerable amounts of foul play ineconomic exploitation, political corruption, and unethical business practices. Many people who saw the unlawful ways of the rich and powerful took action to better the American society. Many reformers of the Gilded age were successful in bringing the change they desired; the reforms are still in effect to this day in our country, working to protect American citizens from unfair business practices that concentrated economic power, subjected workers to horrific labor <span>conditions, and outcasted the mentally ill. That probably doesn´t answer your question at all, but I tried.</span>
They stop the Germans advance in Stalingrad
