How does DNA hybridization and biogeography provide evidence for evolution?

inn [45]

Answer:

osmosis

Explanation:

Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane. The water molecules are not reabsorbed in the intestines and at the kidney nephrons. Increased osmotic pressure can be caused by inadequate production of vasopressin which regulates the amount of water in the body and the one being lost through kidneys, Thiazide diuretics which increases sodium excretion and kidney disorders

Hyponatremia occurs when the body contains too little sodium amounts due to increased fluid intake making sodium to be is diluted. People suffering from severe vomiting or diarrhea lose sodium due increase fluid intake.

7 0

4 years ago

Put these statements in correct order to understand how hearing works. - Ions enter hair cells - Stapes moves - auditory cortex

OLEGan [10]

Answer: From the question,the correct order of how hearing works is listed below:

--> sound wave is generated from hitting a key on a piano,

--> Incus moves,

--> Stapes moves,

--> Sound wave enters inner ear,

--> Fluid in the cochlea moves,

--> Fluid wave moves across Organ of corti based on frequency,

--> Ions enter hair cells,

--> hair cells bend,

--> auditory nerve transmits the signal to the auditory cortex,

--> auditory cortex recognizes the sounds.

Explanation:

In mammal, two ears are present on each side of the head. It is know as the organ for hearing and balance. The ear is divided into three regions:

--> OUTER EAR: This consists of pinna, ear canal, and eardrum( tympanic membrane)

--> MIDDLE EAR: This consists of the ear ossicles ( malleus, incus and stapes).

--> INNER EAR: This consists of Cochlea (organ of hearing) and semicircular canals (for balance).

To explain further on how we hear sounds, the vibrations of sounds produced from an external source move from the outer ear to the middle and then to the inner ear where the cochlea, the organ for hearing is located.

As sound wave is generated from hitting a key on a piano, the pinna collects the sound waves and directs them into the ear canal. Sound waves impinge on the tympanic membrane and makes it vibrate. This causes the malleus, incus and stapes (in this order) to move to-and -fro at the middle ear region.

In the inner ear region, sound wave enters inner ear as stapes pushes the oval window in-and-out. The vibrating oval window causes the fluid in the cochlea( perilymph) to move to-and -fro. Fluid wave moves across Organ of corti based on frequency. The pressure waves in the perilymph push the membrane separating the upper canal and the cochlear duct to-and-fro allowing ions to enter the hair cells. As a result, the hairs of the sensory cells between these two membranes bend causing nerve impulses to be sent to the brain through the cochlear part of the auditory nerve. Auditory nerve transmits the signal to the auditory cortex which recognizes the sounds.

8 0

3 years ago

Imagine an animal cell lost half of its mitochondria. Explain how the cell would be different.

seropon [69]

Answer:

Without mitochondria (singular, mitochondrion), higher animals would likely not exist because their cells would only be able to obtain energy from anaerobic respiration (in the absence of oxygen), a process much less efficient than aerobic respiration. ...

Explanation:

Mitochondria are rod-shaped organelles that can be considered the power generators of the cell, converting oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the chemical energy "currency" of the cell that powers the cell's metabolic activities. This process is called aerobic respiration and is the reason animals breathe oxygen. Without mitochondria (singular, mitochondrion), higher animals would likely not exist because their cells would only be able to obtain energy from anaerobic respiration (in the absence of oxygen), a process much less efficient than aerobic respiration. In fact, mitochondria enable cells to produce 15 times more ATP than they could otherwise, and complex animals, like humans, need large amounts of energy in order to survive.

mitochondrion is different from most other organelles because it has its own circular DNA (similar to the DNA of prokaryotes) and reproduces independently of the cell in which it is found; an apparent case of endosymbiosis. Scientists hypothesize that millions of years ago small, free-living prokaryotes were engulfed, but not consumed, by larger prokaryotes, perhaps because they were able to resist the digestive enzymes of the host organism. The two organisms developed a symbiotic relationship over time, the larger organism providing the smaller with ample nutrients and the smaller organism providing ATP molecules to the larger one. Eventually, according to this view, the larger organism developed into the eukaryotic cell and the smaller organism into the mitochondrion.

in most animal species, mitochondria appear to be primarily inherited through the maternal lineage, though some recent evidence suggests that in rare instances mitochondria may also be inherited via a paternal route. Typically, a sperm carries mitochondria in its tail as an energy source for its long journey to the egg. When the sperm attaches to the egg during fertilization, the tail falls off. Consequently, the only mitochondria the new organism usually gets are from the egg its mother provided. Therefore, unlike nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA doesn't get shuffled every generation, so it is presumed to change at a slower rate, which is useful for the study of human evolution. Mitochondrial DNA is also used in forensic science as a tool for identifying corpses or body parts, and has been implicated in a number of genetic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and diabetes.

i hope this is helpful

have a grest day!!:))

6 0

3 years ago

Which of these is true regarding weight but NOT mass?

solmaris [256]

Weight changes based on inertia is a true statement, last choice

3 0

4 years ago

Which condition is an inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord??

I am Lyosha [343]

The correct answer is known as "Meningitis"

Meningitis is is an infection of the membranes (meninges) surrounding your brain and spinal cord. The swelling from the illness usually triggers signs which includes headache, fever and a stiff neck. Most cases of meningitis within the U.S. are because of a viral infection, however bacterial and fungal infections are other causes. some cases of meningitis enhance with out remedy in some weeks. Others may be fatal and require immediate antibiotic remedy

4 0

4 years ago

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