The CPU would have to wait for the i/o to finish before it can proceed to another process. Although the CPU allowed multiple programs to run, they had to be run in sequence. This could cause a pileup because one process had to be completed before another one could be started. Without DMA, the purpose of mutiprogramming is defeated.
The correct answer is B. According to the Marshall Plan, the United States would loan money to help rebuild countries in post- World War II Europe as long as the countries receiving money had free and democratic policies.
The Marshall Plan was a US initiative to help Western Europe, in which Americans gave economic aid worth about $ 13 billion at the time for the reconstruction of those countries in Europe devastated after the Second World War. The plan was operative for four years since 1948. The objectives of the United States were to rebuild those areas destroyed by the war, eliminate barriers to trade, modernize European industry and make the continent prosperous again; all these objectives were intended to prevent the spread of communism, which had a large and growing influence in post-war Europe. The Marshall Plan required a decrease in interstate barriers, reduced business regulation and encouraged increased productivity, union membership and new "modern" business models.
The plan aid was divided among the recipient countries on a more or less per capita basis. Greater quantities were given to the great industrial powers, since the dominant opinion was that their reactivation would be essential for the general prosperity of Europe. Those allied nations received a little more help per capita than the former members of the Axis or who had remained neutral. The largest recipient of money from the Marshall Plan was the United Kingdom, which received 26% of the total, followed by France with 18% and the new West Germany with 11%. A total of 18 European countries benefited from the plan. Despite being promised during the war and offered, the Soviet Union refused to participate in the program for fear of loss of economic independence; with its refusal it also blocked the possible participation of Eastern European countries, such as East Germany or Poland.
Jobs of all kinds were opened up for women during the Gilded/Industrial age from 1870-1900. Employment for women went from 2.6 million jobs to around 8.7 million jobs. In the late 11880's, clerical jobs were mostly held by men, with woman coming out around 4%, but by 1920, it skyrocketed to 50%, equal among both genders, and only continued to rise in the coming years. Women with working husbands could be stay at home mothers, but those in the poor, women and children as young as 8 years of age must work. A sort of slavery came about for children, who were often thought of less human and more like tools. Child labor laws did not come into full affect until the progressive era.
Women were not paid equally because they were thought of inferior to men at the time, and often, wages were on a significantly lower level. Although it is better today, there is still bias in the current workforce. Some women's unions for better pay and better workplace safety existed, but most were ignored. As for children, by the very late 19th century, children between 10 and 15 made up 1/5th of the entire American workforce.
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