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klasskru [66]
3 years ago
13

Elephant seals are abundant in their population size but they have low genetic diversity within their species due to overhunting

by humans in 1890s. Why might the survival of this species be threatened in the future?
Biology
1 answer:
Anastasy [175]3 years ago
8 0
<h2>Genetic diversity </h2>

Explanation:

If the environment changes, the species runs the risk of not having the genetic diversity to be adaptable to that change and could go extinct

  • Genetic diversity is the diversity  or genetic variability within species
  • The huge variety of different gene sets defines an individual or a whole population's ability to tolerate stress from any given environmental factor
  • While some individuals might be able to tolerate an increased load of pollutants in their environment, others carrying different genes might suffer from infertility or even die under the exact same environmental conditions;the former will continue to live in the environment the latter will either have to leave it or die
  • Any change in the environment - natural or human induced causes a selection of events that only the fittest survive
  • In case of elephant seals,overhunting reduces the sum of genes available,thus leaving behind a population that is less capable of tolerating any further natural or human disturbances in environment
  • The loss of genetic diversity within a species can result in the loss of useful and desirable traits  
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4 0
3 years ago
2. Dominant trait: cleft chin (C) Mother’s gametes: Cc
andre [41]

.2. Offspring Genotypes will be Cc or cc.

     Offspring phenotypes : Cleft chin or no cleft chin.

    % chance child will have cleft chin: 50%

3.  % chance child will have arched feet: 25%

4.  % chance child will have blonde hair:  50%

5.  % chance child will have normal vision: 25%

 

Explanation:

CASE 1 :

 Dominant trait: cleft chin (C)

    Recessive trait: lacks cleft chin (c)

    Father’s gametes: cc

    Mother’s gametes: Cc

There are two possible combination of Gametes ,

C fom mother and  c from father= Cc

c from mother and c from father = cc

Gametes of Cc Parents=  \frac{1}{2}C + \frac{1}{2} c........(i)

Gametes of cc parents =<u> </u>\frac{1}{2}c + \frac{1}{2}c .........(ii)

Combining (i) and (ii) we get,

\frac{1}{2}  Cc + \frac{1}{2} cc                              

There fore offspring Genotypes will be Cc or cc

Offspring phenotypes :

Genotype Cc then phenotype= Cleft chin

Genotype cc then phenotype = Lacks cleft chin.

percentage chance child will have cleft chin  =\frac{0.5}{1} ×100

Therefore the chance is 50%.

CASE 2 :

Dominant trait: flat feet (A)

Recessive trait: arched feet (a)

Mother’s gametes: Heterozygous (Aa)

Father’s gametes: Heterozygous   (Aa)

There are four possible combination of genotypes are =AA , Aa, Aa and aa

i.e. A from mother, A from father= AA

     A from mother, a from father =Aa

     a from mother, A from Father = Aa

     a from mother, a from father = aa

Gametes of Aa parent =\frac{1}{2} A + \frac{1}{2} a

Gametes of other Aa parent = \frac{1}{2} A + \frac{1}{2} a

                                       <u>..................................................................................</u>

                                              \frac{1}{4} AA + \frac{1}{4} Aa

                                                                           +  \frac{1}{4} Aa +\frac{1}{4} aa

                                   <u>..........................................................................................</u>

                                <u>\frac{1}{4}AA + \frac{1}{2}Aa +\frac{1}{4} aa</u>

Offspring Genotypes will be: AA or Aa or aa

Offsprings phenotype will be:

Genotype AA then phenotype will be Flat feet

Genotype Aa then phenotype will be flat feet

Genotype aa then Phenotype will be arched feet.

Percentage chance child will have arched feet = \frac{0.25}{1} × 100 = 25%

CASE 3:

Dominant trait: Brown hair (B)

Recessive trait: Blonde hair (b)

Mother’s gametes: Homozygous recessive  (bb)

Father’s gametes: Heterozygous  (Bb)

This case is very similar to the case 1 as one parent is homozygous recessive and other parent is heterozygous.

Resulting in  half  Bb and halve bb combination.

Genotypes will be Bb or bb

Phenotypes will be :

Genotype Bb then phenotype Brown hair

Phenotype bb then Phenotype bb.

% chance child will have blonde hair: 50%

CASE 4:

Dominant trait: farsightedness (F)

Recessive trait: normal vision (f)

Mother’s gametes: Heterozygous  (Ff)

Father’s gametes: Heterozygous  (Ff)

This Case is similar to case 2

it will result in one-fourth FF , half Ff and one-fouth ff combination.

Therefore Genotypes will be: FF, Ff and ff

Phenotypes:

Genotype FF  then phenotype farsightedness

Genotype Ff then phenotype  farsightedness

Genotype ff then phenotype normal vision.

% chance child will have normal vision: 25%

 

3 0
3 years ago
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