The answer is D, all of the above.
Linkage refers to the tendency of inhertance of the DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome during the meiosis of sexual reproduction. It can be measured by the recombination frequency.
Recombination frequency describes the proportion of recombinant offsrpring produced in a genetic cross between two organisms. It is the frequency with which a single chromosomal cross over takesplace between two genes during the process of meiosis. Recombination frequency (RF) is given by
RF= Recombinants /total offspring x 100.
In the above example, the number of recombinant offspring is 20 and the total offspring is 400. By substituting these values,
RF= 20/400 x100
= 5.
The recombination frequency for the above cross is 5.
Explanation:
<u>Reducing sugars are simple sugars with the ability to reduce copper (II) ions to copper (I). All monosaccharides (fructose, glucose, galactose) are reducing sugars as are some disaccharides, such as lactose and maltose. Simple sugars are all carbohydrates, and are used by the body as a source of energy.</u>
Heredity is the term use for passing of phenotypic traits from ancestors to next generation or from parents to offspring.
The process of the hereditary:
=> The offspring cell or organism acquires the characteristic of its parent cell of organism.
<span>The study of hereditary is called genetics. It is based on the DNA study of a person’s cell. Mendel’s law shows how this inheriting works </span>
<span>People may inherit physical, emotional or even health problems from their parents or ancestors.</span>
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