Spain,Portugal, & France.
The "patriots" were against taxation and wanted independence, the "loyalists" were supportive of Britain and wanted to remain colonies.
I believe the answer is:A. <span>exclusion from office of aristocratic Southerners who had been part of secession
Johnson believed that by allowing the southerners who had been part of secession into the government, united states would risk another civil war in the future because those people would start planting their influence from within government's main body.</span>
When Augustus became the emperor this event changed roman from a republic to a empire <span />
