Answer:
When you sit on a plane for 6 hours without moving, blood accumulates in your veins, and the moment you get up, gravitational forces affect venous return, cardiac output, blood pressure, and venous pressure. That way, when you're sitting on a plane, the gravitational force is the same at the upper and lower extremities, such as the chest, abdomen, and legs, causing venous blood pressure and volume to be evenly distributed throughout the body. However, when one gets up, one becomes dizzy because of abnormal regulation of blood pressure. This is because gravity causes blood to accumulate in the lower extremities (veins of the legs and trunk). This lowers the blood pressure and the blood that the heart pumps. By causing blood to accumulate in the lower extremities, and as venous compliance increases, the veins expand with blood that causes the volume of blood to shift in the veins. This increases the volume and venous pressure in the lower extremities when standing. And the volume of thoracic venous blood is less and less central venous pressure. This leads to a decline in stroke volume. Cardiac output and mean arterial pressure also decrease as left ventricular stroke volume decreases, reducing pulmonary venous return. Decreased standing blood pressure, referred to as orthostatic or postural hypotension. Thus, lowering blood pressure decreases cerebral blood flow, which means less range of blood in the brain causing dizziness.
Explanation:
Ans.
Nitrogen fertilizers are commonly used by farmers to increase crop production. Ammonium is the main component of nitrogen fertilizer, as it is easily assimilated by plants and provides nitrogen to them, while nitrate gets easily lost from the soil. During nitrogen cycle, ammonium is converted into nitrate by nitrification. So, nitrification inhibitors are used with to slow down the conversion of ammonium to nitrate to provide nitrogen for longer time.
Thus, 'to increase crop production, nitrification step of nitrogen cycle is preferred by farmers to block, or slow down.'
Olds and Milner showed that electrical stimulation of particular brain regions could have a reinforcing effect.
<h3>Electrical brain stimulation</h3>
it is commonly known as focal brain stimulation (FBS), is a type of electrotherapy used in clinical neurobiology and research to activate a neuron or neural network in the brain by either directly or indirectly stimulating its cell membrane with an electric current.
<h3>What is the purpose of brain electrical stimulation?</h3>
- Electrical stimulation can be used to alter how the brain functions because electrical charges are what cause brain activity.
- Brain stimulation has been used to treat stress and mood disorders, and it can even make it easier for people to remember things, solve puzzles, and pay attention.
learn more about electrical stimulation of brain here
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Leads to high pollution that makes global warming more dangerous
