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Character analysis is when you evaluate a character's traits, their role in the story, and the conflicts they experience.
When analyzing, you will want to think critically, ask questions, and draw conclusions about the character by looking at those three areas.
I believe that the best answer to this question would be a tragedy. However, there may be more than one genre that accomplishes this goal. A tragedy is, specifically, a form of drama. It, "treats in a serious and dignified style the sorrowful or terrible events encountered or caused by a heroic individual" (this is the definition given in Encyclopedia Britannica.) A tragedy most definitely depicts the flaws in human nature.