Old testament is associated with Judaism and the new testament is with Christianity
The pros were that you were being protected by the guild in case of something bad happening you like getting hurt or similar. They would help you and your family for example. The cons were that you wouldn't be able to dictate the price of your wares which was done to prevent exploitation of consumers, so even if you were in a position to establish a personal monopoly, you couldn't and you couldn't become richer than what is the adequate wealth for a merchant.
I figure gold prospectors only because the gold rush had happened over in California I believe?
Answer:
"The Framers of the American Constitution were all visionaries. They designed our Constitution to endure. They sought not only to address the specific challenges facing the nation during their life, but to establish the foundational principles that would sustain and guide the new nation into an uncertain future. The text of the Constitution reflects this vision. It defines our most fundamental freedoms in general terms: “freedom of speech,” “due process of law,” “free exercise” of religion, “equal protection of the laws,” “cruel and unusual punishment.” The Constitution sets forth governmental powers in similarly general terms: Congress may regulate “commerce… among the several states,” the president will “take care that the laws be faithfully executed,” the courts are authorized to decide “cases” and “controversies"( GEOFFREY, MARSHALL, 2011). ”
Explanation: BY GEOFFREY STONE, WILLIAM P. MARSHALL Date: Summer of 2011. Title of page: The Framers’ Constitution A JOURNAL OF IDEAS. URL: https://democracyjournal.org/magazine/21/the-framers-constitution/ This is just an exert from the page that I was reading. It should be able to help you with your question.