I can't see the picture, but to do the dilation you must first figure out the coordinates of the first image and then figure out what half of it is and add that on to the new image or take that much off of the new image. 
*To dilate means to make bigger or smaller
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Canada is colder because it is up North. It isn't as humid as it is in the south so it makes the air more dry and thin, making it colder. Where in the Amazon, it is warm and moist because it is by the equator and is near the tropics.
Explanation:
I hope this can help... I just answered with what I learned in science...
 
        
             
        
        
        
Smaller scale has less variables and correlations to be based on while a larger scale has a bigger amount of mathematical numbers to be based on
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Alaska would be the answer
 
        
             
        
        
        
I think it is latitudes because latitudes are the major wind patterns