The reason for the increase is that the light-colored moths are no longer "selected against" by predators. These birds could only see the light ones against a sooted background. After removing the dark soot, these predators could no longer distinguish the light ones from their natural light background. Thus more light-colored moths survived to reproduce, passing on more of their recessive genes for light color to their offspring. After several hundreds of generations, most of the later generations were light, due to selective advantage of camouflage to survive predation.
Answer: Touch.
Explanation:
Cilia are short, mobile prolongations which contain a central structure made up of microtubules and proteins, enveloped by the cytosol and the plasma membrane. They are involved in cell movement, transport of materials, displacement of fluids, among others. <u>Cilia are important for many biological processes, such as the senses of taste, hearing, smell, sight and balance</u>.
For example, <u>each taste bud of the tongue is made up of a set of cells, among which are the taste cells that have cilia that come into contact with the substances dissolved in the mouth by saliva</u>. As for the sense of hearing, when there is a sound, <u>the endolymph in the cochlea moves and this stimulates the cilia of the internal sensitive cells</u>, which communicate with the acoustic nerve that informs the brain of what the sound is like. In the sense of smell, <u>the receptors are the olfactory cilia of the olfactory neurons</u>, which are located in the mucosa of the upper portion of the nostril, above the level of the superior concha. In the sense of vision, cones and rods are the two types of photoreceptor cells that capture light energy and convert it into electrical signals. They are highly specialized cells and can be differentiated into several regions: an outer segment, an inner segment containing the nucleus and a synaptic terminal. <u>The outer segments are modified cilia and consist of flattened membranous sacs or disks</u>. As for the balance system, the vestibular system consists of the utricle and the saccule, which are chamber-shaped organs filled with endolymph. The maculae of the saccule are located in a vertical plane and effectively capture the accelerations of the upward and downward movements of the head, and therefore of the gravitational forces. The hair cells of the maculae are responsible for transforming the mechanical energy produced by movement into nerve signals. <u>The activity of these cells is determined by their morphofunctional polarization or ciliary organization</u>, which is different in the utricle and in the saccule.
Thus, the only sense that does not depend on cilia to transmit stimuli is touch. The skin contains nerve endings, as well as glands, blood vessels and hair follicles. These nerve endings detect pain, touch, pressure and temperature.
Answer:
Because a force is a vector that has a direction, it is common to represent forces using diagrams in which a force is represented by an arrow. In physics, a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object. A force can cause an object with mass to change its velocity (which includes to begin moving from a state of rest), i.e., to accelerate. ... A force has both magnitude and direction, making it a vector quantity.
Therefore, yes
Answer:
The measurement of certain gases, particularly oxygen and carbon dioxide, can be used. This is because oxygen is consumed during this process, and carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product. Different levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide can indicate whether or not a cell has recently gone through respiration.
Explanation:
Answer:
Temperature:the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch.
Moisture: water or other liquid diffused in a small quantity as vapor, within a solid, or condensed on a surface.