The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival,[1] was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation.
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Modern labor unions arose in the United States in the 1800s as increasing numbers of Americans took jobs in the factories, mines, and mills of the growing industrial economy during the Industrial Revolution. For the first one hundred years of its history, the United States had been a nation composed mainly of small farmers, but the economy had shifted to industry. For the first time in the country's history, more people worked for other people for wages than for themselves as farmers or craftsmen start superscript, 1, end superscript in these early years of industrial capitalism, government played little to no role in regulating businesses. Monopolies could set prices for goods and services as high as they liked. Likewise, industries could conspire to keep workers' wages low. Wealthy business owners routinely bribed judges and members of Congress to side with them in disputes. With such enormous resources at their disposal, business owners could easily overpower any individual worker who might complain about his or her treatment.
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The Continental Navy was created by George Washington in 1775 to protect the American colonies from attacks by the British. At the end of the Revolutionary War, the Continental Navy was disbanded. However, American merchant ships were under continuous attacks by North African pirates so the Department of the Navy was created by Congress in April 1798. Also, after the American Revolution, the British refused to leave American territory along the Great Lakes and continued to attack American merchant ships. This led to the War of 1812.
As the idea of Détente moved forward one central goal for the west was the promotion of human rights. One of the central objectives of the West was the promotion of human rights because methods of repression, intimidation, denial of access to studies, denial to work, imprisonment or dismissal for political reasons were used.
