Actually, i see two such phrases: c and d.
an adverb phrase describes, among others, how, when and where something is done: so c. describes the "when" and d. decribes the "where" - and both are adverb phrases.
If I had to choose, I would go for c. as it actually includes an adverb; yesterday
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In 1989, Tiananmen Square in Beijing was the site of pro-democracy demonstrations. The protests in the Tiananmen Square in 1989 were known as the "June the 4th Incident", in which students in Beijing carried out protests in favor of democracy, freedom of speech and press. These protests were banned by the Chinese Premier and military forces advanced towards the crowd and killed several people. It is estimated that a large number of deaths took place in the Tiananmen Square where protests took place.