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The plasma membrane forms a barrier which is phospholipid bilayer on the outer and inner surface and compartments on the inferior
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Totipotent (omnipotent) stem cells can give rise to any of the 220 cell types found in an embryo as well as extra-embryonic cells (placenta). Pluripotent Stem Cells Pluripotent stem cells can give rise to all cell types of the body (but not the placenta). Multipotent Stem Cells Multipotent stem cells can develop into a limited number of cell types in a particular lineage.
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Homeostasis is the tendency to resist change in order to maintain a stable, relatively constant internal environment. Homeostasis typically involves negative feedback loops that counteract changes of various properties from their target values, known as set points.
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The platypus serves as a 'bridge' animal between nonmammals like birds and reptiles, which maintain their testicles in their body cavity, and placental and marsupial mammals, which hold their testes in an external scrotum."