The correct answer is:
Monarchs had to respect certain basic rights of citizens.
The Magna Carta, Magna Carta Libertatum (latin) which means "The Great Charter" is a charter issued by King John of England, which established for the first time that everybody, including the king should obey the law. It basically was the start of protecting the rights of the citizens, and limited the monarchs power. This charter was created to deal with the political crisis in 1215.
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The First Punic War was fought between Carthage and Rome between 264 and 241 BCE, largely over control of Sicily. The longest continuous war in history up to that time was fought on the island, at sea, and in north Africa with both sides enjoying victories and suffering near-catastrophic defeats. I hope this helps!<em> </em>
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Portuguese explorers began voyages south along the Atlantic coast of Africa. First the Portuguese established trading posts along the coast of West Africa, but gradually moved further south along the coast. This was the beginning of the African slave trade. The Europeans is different from the Arabs, they did not conduct raids themselves, but bought slaves from Arab slave brokers and African chiefs. Europeans built trading post and forts all along the coast of West Africa. The slaves were transported across the Atlantic Ocean primarily to Brazil, the West Indies and the English colonies in North America. As the demand for slaves expanded, whole areas of Africa were depopulated. The European African slave trade began during the mercantalist era. It continued well into the industrial era. In fact because African slaves played a major role in the industrial revolution in Europe.
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