Diction. Usually words can help you determine what tone the author is using and in turn what mood.
The answer is B, he plans to take his sister shopping for a present.
That is a metaphor, for it is a direct comparison to to unlike things (world as a stage, men and women as players), without using "like" or "as."
Sub-questions are narrower questions. They are important because they provide the 'skeleton' around which you will find information to answer your main research question.
