Answer:
B. neural plasticity.
Explanation:
Neural plasticity: The term neural plasticity is also denoted as neuroplasticity and is defined as an individual's brain capability to recognize or identify itself through forming or developing new neural connections in an individual's life. It allows the nerve cells present in the brain to recompense for diseases and injuries and therefore to manage its activities regarding new situations and hence changes in the environment.
Example: Changes in an individual's brain size as a consequences of environmental influences.
In the question above, the given statement is best described as a study of neural plasticity.
Answer: d) being conditioned to laugh when you see a top hat, then also laughing when you see other kinds of hats
Explanation:
Stimulus generalization is known to be exhibited by a subject when it reacts to a new stimulus in a similar way or manner which is not different from the way it reacted to an old or previous stimulus. It causes an organism to respond to stimulus in similar way because it has been conditioned in such manner. It is also known as mediated generalization. A subject who has been conditioned to a stimulus will react the same way to a group of similar stimuli.
Hence, an organism who has been conditioned to laugh when he or she sees a top hat will also laugh when he see other kinds of hats because it react to other kinds of hat the same way it also react to a top hat.
Answer:
Option C, telling someone with dyslexia she cannot learn to read, leading her to become illiterate even though she could learn to read with a bit of extra effort, is the right answer.
Explanation:
In Psychology, Self-fulfilling prophecy is a socio-psychological phenomenon. In this phenomenon, any false expectation or predication can lead to its confirmation. In a self-fulfilling prophecy, a person's predication about another individual can appear in that person's reacting in the same way. In the given question, option C will be correct because, in this case, the lady with dyslexia may learn to read by adding some extra efforts but if someone tells her that she cannot learn to read, it will lead her to become illiterate. In this way, she confirms the prediction of the teller.