Question

There are 4 organic molecules that we studied, Lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and Proteins (nucleic acids). All of them are polymers except lipids. Dehydration reaction is the chemical reaction that links the _______________ together by removing a ______ form one monomer and an _____________ from a second molecule creating a _________________ _____________ between these molecules. The _________ and the ___________ will be bonded as well to form a water molecule. On the other hand, ___________________ is a chemical reaction that _____________ down __________________ introducing a water molecule and breaking the covalent between the monomers in the polymers.

Answer 1

Answer:

Dehydration reaction is the chemical reaction that links the MONOMERS together by removing a HYDROGEN ATOM form one monomer and an OH GROUP from a second molecule creating a COVALENT BOND between these molecules. The H ATOM and the OH GROUP will be bonded as well to form a water molecule. On the other hand, HYDROLYSIS is a chemical reaction that BREAK down POLYMERS introducing a water molecule and breaking the covalent between the monomers in the polymers.

Explanation:

Carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids are polymers of simpler sugars, amino acids and nucleotides respectively. Monomer molecules are joined together to form a polymer by dehydration reactions and a water molecule is released. On the other hand, hydrolytic reactions break down polymers into monomers by adding water molecules to them.

For example, a dehydration reaction joins two amino acids together by a peptide bond (a specific type of covalent bond that joins the amino acids) to form a dipeptide. During the reaction, one amino acid loses an H atom and the other loses its OH group to release a water molecule.

Breakdown of proteins into amino acid occurs by hydrolytic reactions in which water molecules are added to amino acids to breakdown the peptide bonds between them.