The societies established city states similar in complexity with imperial city states of Greece and Mesopotamia but lacking in coercive authority. The Bantu city state were populated but had no centralized authority structures but were grouped into chiefdom, and age sets, which interchangeably shared powers.
Concurrent powers are powers that are shared by both the State and the federal government. These powers can be exercised simultaneously within the same territory and in relation to the same body of citizens. These concurrent powers including regulating elections, taxing, borrowing money and establishing courts.
