Islamic and Hindu were the two cultures.
Samuel Adams and Dr. Joseph Warren formed a committee in response to the Gaspee affair and in relation to the recent British decision to have the salaries of the royal governor and judges be paid for by the British crown rather than the colonial assembly. Which removed the Colonies ability to control their rulers.
The start of the Cold War
Probably A., Europe was made up of Capitalistic countries for the most part--still is--and they wanted the materials. Didn't care about much else.