Answer:
<em><u>While 4 molecules of ATP are produced in total, 2 were used to convert glucose to the reactive fructose-1,6-bisphosphate</u></em>
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<em>Thus, 4 ATP- 2ATP= 2ATP</em>
Explanation:
In the cytoplasm, cellular respiration starts, where glucose is broken down for energy production. in the presence of oxygen, energy is produced through aerobic respiration, while in an oxygen-deprived environment, anaerobic respiration can be carried out.
<em>Glucose is a relatively stable molecule, </em>thus in order for the pyruvate-producing reaction to occur, the <em>molecule undergoes phosphorylation </em>through the addition of high energy phosphate groups to drive the reaction forward.
Pyruvate is generated through glycolysis in the cytoplasm-it is oxidized to form acetyl CoA in aeroboc respration also used in fermentation (anaerobic respiration) as an electron acceptor.
A. Mitosis is the correct answer.
DNA replication occurs in the two major types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis is the splitting of a normal cell into two daughter cells and involves complete replication of the cells DNA to produce two identical copies. Meiosis is a specialised and more complex two-stage form of cellular division related to sex cells and involves DNA replication followed by an exchange of DNA material within/between the chromosomes to mix genes from both parents and produce daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. Animal sperms and eggs are examples of cells produced by meiosis and contain half the number of chromosomes as normal cells. When combined during fertilization the egg and sperm produce a cell with the full compliment of chromosomes.
Cytokinesis is a part of the cellular life cycle that is related specifically to the division of the cytoplasm (basically the "soup" of material inside the cell). It is part of the cellular division process but not specifically related to nuclear division (i.e. DNA replication).
Transcription relates to the production of RNA from DNA which is then used for protein synthesis. DNA is not replicated during the transcription process, rather, this is a separate process critical for the production of proteins by the cell.
While Louis Pasteur was the one that procured the germ theory of disease that explains that diseases are caused by microorganisms, the first researcher that provided direct experimental data to support the said theory is Robert Koch.
Robert Koch developed a criteria for the causality of disease from microorganisms called the Koch's postulates. The Koch's postulates indicate that:
(1) The bacteria must be present in every case of the disease
(2) <span>The bacteria must be extracted and isolated from the host with the disease and should be directly visualized and/or grown in culture
(3) There must be a healthy experimental host that will reproduce the disease once the isolated bacteria is injected
(4) The bacteria should be recoverable from the previously healthy host
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