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The Governmental Public Health Infrastructure
The success or failure of any government in the final analysis must be measured by the well-being of its citizens. Nothing can be more important to a state than its public health; the state’s paramount concern should be the health of its people.
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The Mali Empire (1240-1645 CE) of West Africa was founded by Sundiata Keita (r. 1230-1255 CE) following his victory over the kingdom of Sosso (c. 1180-1235 CE). Sundiata’s centralised government, diplomacy and well-trained army permitted a massive military expansion which would pave the way for a flourishing of the Mali Empire, making it the largest yet seen in Africa. The reign of Mansa Musa I (1312-1337 CE) saw the empire reach new heights in terms of territory controlled, cultural fluorescence, and the staggering wealth brought through Mali’s control of regional trade routes. Acting as a middle-trader between North Africa via the Sahara desert and the Niger River to the south, Mali exploited the traffic in gold, salt, copper, ivory, and slaves that crisscrossed West Africa. Muslim merchants were attracted to all this commercial activity, and they converted Mali rulers who in turn spread Islam via such noted centres of learning as Timbuktu. In contrast to cities like Niani (the capital), Djenne, and Gao, most of the rural Mali population remained farmers who clung to their traditional animist beliefs. The Mali Empire collapsed in the 1460s CE following civil wars, the opening up of trade routes elsewhere, and the rise of the neighbouring Songhai Empire, but it did continue to control a small part of the western empire into the 17th century CE.
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Mainly buffalo but sometimes small game like rabbits and caught fish.
The correct answer is changed some church practices, punished corrupt officials, but did not change official church teachings
Catholic reform began to gain strength between the years 1545 and 1563. At that time, the Council of Trent was taking place, which aimed to affirm ecclesiastical discipline and the unity of the Catholic faith more emphatically.
Among the decisions of the council were the reorganization of the Tribunal of the Holy Office, creation of the Society of Jesus and the Index Librorum Prohibitorum, which was a list of books prohibited by the Church. In addition, the incentive to catechize the natives of the New World was increased, adoption of the Vulgate as an official form of biblical translation and reaffirmation of values such as pontifical celibacy and the authority of the pope. According to some historians, these decisions were a reaction to Lutheranism.
Among other reaffirmations found in the Catholic Reformation, is the preservation of the representation of saints through images that were worshiped. The Baroque becomes a great ally of the Church in this regard, helping to broaden the feeling of Catholics through works of art. At that time, seminars were created in order to invest in the intellectual education of bishops who, before counter-reform, led a life without rules and many excesses.
A French alliance helped the US win the Battle of Saratoga
