Disruptive selection is also called as diversifying selection. Here, two or more extreme phenotypes are preferred over the intermediate phenotype. Since more than one phenotype is preferred here, the genetic diversity of the population increases over generations.
For example, in lobsters alpha males are able to successfully mate by using force. Smaller males can also sneak in alpha males's territory and successfully mate. Hence, both alpha males and small males will be preferred over medium sized males in lobsters increasing the overall genetic diversity of population.
Segmentation allows for a greater degree of variety among species
The concept of segmentation relies upon the ability for organisms to duplicate organs and structural elements, such as arms and legs
The ability to divide functions into different portions of the body allows an organism to perform increasingly complex activities and use different segments to perform varying functions
For example, humans consist of heteromeric segmentation, in which each segment differs from another and fulfills a specific role
Homomeric segmentation refers to segments that contain similar elements, such as with the segments in an Errantia, a type of worm
