Explanation: Marbury vs Madison was decided in 1803 by the United States Supreme Court, is considered the initial milestone of the constitutionality control exercised by the judiciary. Through this ruling, the Supreme Court developed and structured its jurisdiction to exercise constitutional control under Article III of the US Constitution, bypassing federal laws that contravene the Constitution.
The southern region (the Balkans) was influenced by the Byzantine and Ottoman empires. The north was influenced by Western Europe, and the east was most influenced by Russia.
