The correct answer is the fourth (D).
Although other countries such as Portugal and Spain have considerable participation, the neocolonization of the African continent was mainly by England and France.
The Industrial Revolution motivated these countries to explore raw materials, especially ores and products of agricultural origin, such as cotton and rubber, all essential for industrial production.
The European powers, in order to guarantee raw material, occupied the territories contained in the African continent. Shortly thereafter, they promoted the sharing of the continent among the main European countries of the time, giving the right to exploit the part that belonged to each nation. It should be noted that this sharing did not respect the cultural characteristics of the peoples, causing various conflicts in the formed countries. France had dominion of what today are twenty countries, and England, eighteen.
