Question

The reason the courts of appeals are sometimes called “gatekeepers” is that

Answer 1

I think it goes like this 
1) b
2) c

Answer 2

The reason the courts of appeals are sometimes called “gatekeepers” is that they allow only the most controversial and significant cases past the “gate” to the Supreme Court. The correct option among all the options given in the question is option "c".

There are more chances to be heard at an appeals court is how an appeals court is different than a traditional federal court. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the fourth option or option "d".