No, the hammarabis laws were not cruel. Every person needs to be fair. No one is higher than another. If you do something wrong, then you deserve to get it back.
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Answer:
Political chaos, in turn, gave rise to dictatorial regimes such as Adolf Hitler's in Germany and the military's in Japan.
Explanation:
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A major reason why the Soviet Union did actually create satellite states following World War II in Eastern Europe was because they wanted to create a buffer zone against future invasions (2).
The correct answer therefore is 2.
They did this because they actually thought that war with the West was possible. For that reason, having buffer states between themselves and between a possible Western invasion, would help them in their cause.