Question

Please explain the 3 examples listed : LGBTQ rights , Women rights , civil Rights

Answer 1

LGBTQ rights: Civil marriage between homosexuals is one of the most wanted civil right requested by LGBTQ people and was allowed in a country only in 2001, when it was released in Holland by decision of the Parliament, despite the opposition of religious groups. The movement was led by Boris Dittrich, the first gay man to join the Dutch Parliament - in the 1980s, an assumed lesbian, Evelin Eshuis, had already been elected. By 2018, 25 countries allow homosexual marriage in the world. Currently, Dittrich is the director of the program focused on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender rights of the international NGO Human Rights Watch. The organization is dedicated to the promotion of human rights in the world. Dittrich believes that, ideally, LGBT rights must be guaranteed by legislators, not by the judiciary, as in Brazil.  

The Laws affecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people vary greatly by country or territory — encompassing everything from the legal recognition of same-sex marriage to the death penalty for homosexuality.  

Women rights: Due to a historical process, women were confined within the home for millennia, being in charge of housework, and functions of wife and mother. The fact that she relinquished these functions made them afraid, because of the risk of replacement by the extra domestic ones. The great and significant victories in this sense were won by women until the present century, if we remember that this situation of inferiority was trawling for centuries throughout the world, there were phases in which women and children were not even counted in the demographic and did not have their will and respectful rights. When they entered the labor market, working conditions and lack of guarantee of rights were already harsh for men, worse was the situation of women who worked, because their work suffered double prejudice: the physical differences between the sexes and social, in which the feminine work was seen as inferior to the masculine one. Currently, issues of inclusion still resonate in dozens of countries, especially in Islamic nations or in those where religion imposes barriers so that they can be schooled. The reality is that the stage in which gender inequality is found is something cultural, a result of multi-generation customs. The difference between the roles played in society by men and women has always existed, several historical landmarks have been important, as well as cultural and moral elements built and consolidated over several centuries. The unequal division of roles between the sexes is a sum of several elements that made women stay in domestic life, for the sole purpose of procreation and care for their children. To men they owed obedience and respect and they still struggle to have it changed around the world.

Civil rights: The process of achieving equality before the law for all layers of the population independent of color, race or religion has been long and strenuous in several countries, and most of these movements have failed to achieve their goal. In its last days, some of them ended up turning to a left political connotation. The most famous and famous of them throughout history was the Black Civil Rights Movement in the United States between 1955 and 1968. After nearly half a century of silent discontent, in the 1950s American blacks reacted again to the situation of inferiority and exclusion which the laws of whites have condemned. Throughout the southern states of the United States there were still old racist laws that made them social outcasts, or a half-citizen. As a background, fueling the contestation, was the Third World emancipation process, when the colored peoples of Asia and Africa began the struggle for decolonization. They no longer accepted the colonial status in which they were subjected.

Social movements: They are the means of direct intervention in the political context that minority groups possess. Social movements are characteristic of a plural society, which is built around political strife by collective and / or individual interests. Thus, the organization of individuals for a cause is a characteristic of a politically active society. The groups that produce action in search of the political representation of their desires act in such a way as to produce direct or indirect pressure on the political body of a State. To this end, various forms of collective action are used, such as denunciation, marches, marches, etc. and can also be exercised within the political sphere without large movements. Therefore, it is perceived that social movements are directly linked to the resolution of social problems, and not to the claim of material possessions. However, they are not limited to the claiming of rights or the demand for the representation of a group, since a movement can emerge as a constructive agent of a proposal of social reorganization to change one or another aspect of a society.

Answer 2

LGBT rights are considered human rights by Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch.

LGBT rights laws include, but are not limited to, the following:

   Repeal laws that criminalize consensual sexual relations between people of the same sex (decriminalization of homosexuality).

   Government recognition of same-sex relationships (such as same-sex marriage or similar unions).

   Allow LGBT adoption.

   Recognition of the LGBT family.

   Laws against discrimination, including as protected categories sexual orientation, gender identity and/or gender expression (particularly in the workplace, access to goods and services, housing and healthcare) .

   Legislation against bullying and non-discrimination to protect LGBT children and students.

   Prohibit "restorative or conversion therapies" that attempt to change or repress a person's sexual orientation and gender identity, particularly in minors.

   Migratory rights for same-sex couples.

   Legislation against hate crimes and hate speech that provide criminal sanctions for violence and incitement to discrimination motivated by prejudice against LGBT people.

   Equality in the age of sexual consent.

   Equal access to assisted reproduction techniques.

   Recognize the self-determination of gender to transgender people, to access the legal modification of their identity (name and sex registration) in official documents.

   Access to sex reassignment surgery and hormone replacement therapy.

   Legal recognition and adaptation in official documents of the gender reassigned to transgender people.

   Allow LGBT people to serve openly in the armed forces.

   Allowing people who have sex with someone of the same sex can donate blood.

Women's rights refer to the distinction of rights that are recognized or granted to women and girls in different societies on the planet. While in some places these rights are institutionalized or supported by laws, local customs, and social behavior, in other areas the same treatment is not carried out, reaching to repress, ignore or even deny in contrast to the rights granted to men and boys.

The topics that are most often associated with the notion of women's rights are -among others- the following: right to integrity, control of one's own body, right to vote, right to hold public office, right to work, right to fair and equal remuneration, right to own property, right to education, right to serve in the army, right to sign legal contracts, and matrimonial and parental rights.

Civil rights are those recognized by all citizens by law, and in this, they are distinguished from human rights and natural rights. Civil rights are granted within a State, while natural rights or human rights are international, and, you have, either by the mere fact of being born, according to the theory natural law, or by the mere constitution of society, according to the contractarian theory (which separates moral and law, does not consider the existence of natural rights). John Locke argued that the natural rights to life, liberty, and property should be converted into civil rights and protected by the sovereign State as an aspect of the social contract (constitutional rights).

The expression Movement for Civil Rights refers to a broad set of social activities that, developed throughout the world during the approximate period from 1954 to 1980, were aimed at soliciting and promoting certain basic civil rights (fundamentally, that of the equality of all citizens before the law). The process, which involved the appearance of numerous cases of popular rebellion before the established power, was long, complex and conflictive in several countries, with divergent results among them.

The most well-known manifestation of the Civil Rights Movement, and which is often used as a synonym for it, was the process of claiming and acquiring equality between blacks and whites in the United States.