The Nullification Crisis was a conflict between South Carolina and the federal government. South Carolina felt states had the right to nullify federal laws.
The answer is the last one.
Answer:
Civil disobedience is a refusal to obey authority orders or government laws aimed at enforcing a change in policy or some aspect of the political system. The broken law itself may be considered invalid or immoral, or the crime could be a way of pointing out an injustice or other cause. It usually refers to non-violent and passive methods of crime, and in resisting violence this is the disobedient's justification for breaking the law on the land of conscience.
It is a form of protest or resistance that highlights the cause of the disobedient and causes some disturbance, trouble, or waste to the authorities. It is a symbolic act rather than an opposition to the political system and the law as a whole, and the disobedient often hopes to set a moral example by accepting his punishment for breaking the law. By publicly challenging the authorities and drawing his case to the attention of his fellow citizens, his aim is to push the government into action. Some campaigners call civil disobedience a universal philosophy for changing society, while others see it as a tactic to use when there are no legitimate ways to act. In that case, morality underpins the protesters' power, in their absence of political, legal, or economic power.
Germany and Austria-Hungary by the Dual alliance
