Hello there.
The Council of Trent was called to Reaffirm the Catholic Church's teachings.
I assume you mean what challenges after they gained independence. They had many internal conflicts. This included fighting about religion. There were also natural disasters. There was the problem of transitioning directly from a dictatorship to a democracy.
Here is the answer to the given question above. The technological advance that allowed cities to expand outward are the <span>forms of electric urban transportation. Electric urban transportation includes the mode of transportation that we are seeing today. Hope this answers the question. Have a great day!</span>
Answer:
I'm pretty sure it was the Vikings
