Copernican heliocentrism is the name given to the astronomical model developed by Nicolaus Copernicus and published in 1543. This model positioned the Sun at the center of the Universe, motionless, with Earth and the other planets orbiting around it in circular paths, modified by epicycles, and at uniform speeds. The Copernican model displaced the geocentric model of Ptolemy that had prevailed for centuries, which had placed Earth at the center of the Universe. Copernican heliocentrism is often regarded[by whom?] as the launching point to modern astronomy and the Scientific Revolution.
Heliocentric model from Nicolaus Copernicus' De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres)
Although he had circulated an outline of his own heliocentric theory to colleagues sometime before 1514, he did not decide to publish it until he was urged to do so late in his life by his pupil Rheticus. Copernicus's challenge was to present a practical alternative to the Ptolemaic model by more elegantly and accurately determining the length of a solar year while preserving the metaphysical implications of a mathematically ordered cosmos. Thus, his heliocentric model retained several of the Ptolemaic elements, causing inaccuracies such as the planets' circular orbits, epicycles, and uniform speeds,[1] while at the same time introducing such innovative ideas as:-
The Earth is one of several planets revolving around a stationary sun in a determined order.
The Earth has three motions: daily rotation, annual revolution, and annual tilting of its axis.
Retrograde motion of the planets is explained by the Earth's motion.
The distance from the Earth to the Sun is small compared to the distance from the Sun to the stars.
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Had Jewish ancestors. This was different from historic anti Semitism because it defined Jewishness as hereditary (race) rather than by practice (religion). Three categories of Jews were created: "Full Jews," who either practiced Judaism or had at least 3 Jewish grandparents, regardless of religious practice; "First Class Mischlinge" (Half Jewish), who had 2 Jewish grandparents, didn't practice Judaism, and didn't have a Jewish spouse; and "Second Class Mischlinge" (One Quarter Jewish) who had one Jewish grandparent and did not practice Judaism
Answer: 19
Explanation: gave women the right to vote
An important Roman contribution to American government is the idea of a "republic" or the creation of a representative democracy. In the Roman Republic, representatives were elected by the people to govern on their behalf in the Senate, similar principles were used in structuring the American system of government.
Answer: We dont know much about this time.
Explanation:
Compared with other eras, historians dont know as much about this time. In some ways, this period of time has been lost to history
