It is true that Dr. Samuel Johnson compiled the first dictionary by using the historical method of research.
The right choice would be D. Premier : Country :: Teacher : school.
Other options doesn't match at all. They are off point, especially A and B.
Part A
Her life has been marked by difficulty.
Part B
"Life for me ain’t been no crystal stair."
I would say D would the correct answer because words do reflect on people when they are speaking