It was used in the French revolution as a standard method for judicial execution
Answer:
Social effect of the crusades are: with emergence of trade rise of a middle class (burghers: merchants, bankers, and guilds men.
Explanation:
Answer:
transforming inexperienced troops into an effective military force
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Explanation:
Pershing led American Expeditionary Forces during last phase of WW1. He is famous among other things for being promoted to the rank of General of the Armies. During WW1 he was at the head of American troops that fought alongside British and French troops. Although his army was inexperienced in battle he led them to major victories.
Answer: It meant a paradoxal situation because the proper foundation of the USA was an anti-imperialist and anti-colonial act. Foundation of the USA was an emancipation against British imperialism. But already in 1840s USA started practicing imperialist policy toward Mexico (Texas) and Central America. It was a paradox. Spanish American war was sort of a culmination of this kind of policy.
Explanation: One of the explanations is a Social Darwinism which was very fashionable at that time and its perspective was applied not only to societies and races but also to history. According to this perspective Latin nations were decadent and condemned to extinction. Such a view seemed to be confirmed by Franco-Prussian war (example). The same perspective followed Americans (Theodor Roosevelt).
