The early civilizations lacked adequate means to obtain knowledge about the human brain. Their assumptions about the inner workings of the mind, therefore, were not accurate. Early views on the function of the brain<span> regarded it to be a form of "cranial stuffing" of sorts. In ancient Egypt, from the late </span>Middle Kingdom<span> onwards, in preparation for mummification, the brain was regularly removed, for it was the </span>heart<span> that was assumed to be the seat of intelligence. According to </span>Herodotus<span>, during the first step of mummification: "The most perfect practice is to extract as much of the brain as possible with an iron hook, and what the hook cannot reach is mixed with drugs." Over the next five thousand years, this view came to be reversed; the brain is now known to be the seat of intelligence, although colloquial variations of the former remain as in "memorizing something by heart".</span>
Ellis Island was the hub for millions of immigrants coming into the United States. Ellis Island functioned as the the first stop for immigrants coming into the United States from 1892 until 1954. Ellis Island now serves as a museum of the long immigrant history of the United States.
To be forgiven for past sins. The Pope offered forgiveness for anyone who took part. This was important for knights who had killed many people in battle.
Buffalo soldiers were African American soldiers who mainly served on the Western frontier following the American Civil War. In 1866, six all-Black cavalry and infantry regiments were created after Congress passed the Army Organization Act.
