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Ektara (Hindi: एकतारा, Bengali: একতারা, Nepali: एकतारे, Punjabi: ਇਕ ਤਾਰਾ, Tamil: எக்டரா; literally 'one-string', also called actara, iktar, ektar, yaktaro, gopichand, gopichant, golki Nepali: गोल्, gopijiantra, tun tuna) is a one-stringed musical instrument used in the traditional music of South Asia,[1] and used in modern-day music of Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan.[1] It originated in South Asia.[1]
In origin the ektara was a regular string instrument of wandering bards and minstrels from India and is plucked with one finger. The ektara is a drone lute consisting of a gourd resonator covered with skin, through which a bamboo neck is inserted. It is used in parts of India and Nepal today by Yogis and wandering holy men to accompany their singing and prayers. In Nepal, the instrument accompanies the singing of the Ramayana and Mahabharata.[2]
It has two forms. One form resembles a lute. To make that version, a bamboo stick (90cm long) is inserted through side of wooden bowl (called a "tumbo") and the top of the bowl is covered with deerskin. The instrument has a single string running from a peg at the top, down the length of the stick-neck, across a bridge on the deerhide soundboard, and is tied at the "spike" where the stick pokes through the bowl. The instrument's string is plucked with the musicians index fingernail.[3][2]
The other version uses a drum-like body, and a skin soundboard with a string attached (to bend the sound of the soundboard). Two bamboo lathes are attached to the side of the drumhead and the string goes from the soundboard to where the lathes meet. This version of the instrument may be played either by plucking the string or by tapping the drumhead. Squeezing and releasing the bamboo lathes puts pressure on the drumhead and bends the pitch up and down. This form is associated with the Bauls of West Bengal, as well as the Tharu people of Udayapur District, Nepal.
The increase in the company's products in one unit will increase Marginal Revenue to increase by $100 and Marginal Cost to increase by $120.
<h2><u>Marginal Revenue and Marginal Cost</u></h2><h3>Marginal Revenue</h3>
It is referred to as the change in the revenue value due to the selling of an additional product. In the question given above, the revenue for producing 100 units is $10,000 ($100 x 100 units). So, when 1 additional unit is produced the extra revenue earned is $100 ($10,100 - $10,000). Therefore, the marginal revenue is $100.
<h3>Marginal Cost</h3>
It is referred to as the extra cost for producing an additional unit. In the given scenario, the cost for producing the 100 units is $8,000 (100 units x $80). When producing an additional unit the cost goes up to $8,120. Therefore, the marginal cost for producing an additional unit is $120 ($8,120 - $8,000).
<h3> The Bottom Line</h3>
Companies used the details on marginal revenue and marginal cost to:
- Determine Ideal production levels
- Calculate their profitability rate
- Prepare plans to remain competitive and profitable
Hence, the Marginal Revenue and Marginal Cost for one additional unit are $100 and $120 respectively.
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In 1851 the Yankee Railroad journal declared that the railroad had come to be, “the first-rate agent of civilization and development, the most powerful tool for properly the arena has yet reached.” By 1860 America had more railroad songs than the relaxation of the sector combined: over thirty thousand miles.
Socialization marketers are a combination of social businesses and social institutions that provide the primary reports of socialization. households, early training, peer companies, the place of work, religion, authorities, and media all speak expectancies and toughen norms.
The social establishments of our subculture also tell our socialization. Formal institutions—like colleges, offices, and the authorities—educate human beings on a way to behave in and navigate these systems. other institutions, like the media, make a contribution to socialization by inundating us with messages approximately norms and expectancies.
The circle of relatives is perhaps the most essential agent of socialization for kids. Dad and mom's values and conduct styles profoundly have an effect on the ones in their daughters and sons. The motive we turn out just like our mother and father, for higher or worse, is that our households are such a crucial part of our socialization procedure.
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Economically it had a positive impact on the South, it allowed their economy not to be solely reliant on agriculture. However, as far as their society goes there wasn't a change in their belief system in their stance on African Americans. Many still considered them as second citizens until the Civil Rights Movement.
