Answer:
A. Abolishment by kings of feudal ties, to establish government and extend royal power
Explanation:
The 1000-1150 period is in fact, a period when feudalism was at its peak. For example, France in the year 1100 was a unified kingdom in name only, it was in fact composed of several counties and duchies such as the Duchy of Normandy or the County of Champagne, that had political, military and economic power over these territories. The king ruled in name only, and in order to collect taxes, or raise an army, he needed the approval of local feudal lords.
Same thing applies for other countries such as the Holy Roman Empire, Northern Spain, and the Low countries.
Those lands were wealthy with gold, jewels, and spices.
Many events occurred in the beginning of 16th
century, a few years before Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation. It includes clergy abuse. This led to people criticizing
the Catholic Church. However, there was
a split of religion over doctrine, not corruption or clergy abuse.
Until all legally enforced public segregation (segregation de jure) was abolished by the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
