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AveGali [126]
2 years ago
13

How do you create a “killed vaccine”?

Biology
1 answer:
vesna_86 [32]2 years ago
8 0

Answer:

An inactivated/killed vaccine is a vaccine consisting of either whole viruses or bacteria, or fractions of either, that have been grown in culture and then killed using physical (heat, or radiation) and chemical methods (usually formalin).

Explanation:

Virus: Measles vaccine, mumps vaccine, rubella ...

Bacteria: BCG vaccine, typhoid vaccine

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

The histones that are more positively charged, tight hardly to negatively charged DNA. So, enzymes, such as acetyltransferases, that reduce the positive charge of histones promote transcription.

Chromatin structure and its modifications can change the package of the DNA and consequently, alter the gene expression. The most common modifications of the chromatin are covalent modifications such as acetylation/deacetylation (by acetyltransferases and eacetylases), methylation (by methyltransferases), and phosphorylation (by kinases).  This is the way of gene expression regulation.

The effects of modifications are different, for example methylation promotes  condensation of the chromatin and as a consequence, prevents binding of transcription factors to the DNA (transcription is repressed).

Acetylation loosens the association between nucleosomes and DNA (because it neutralizes the positive charge of histones) and consequently promotes transcription. Deacetylation is a process opposite to acetylation.

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