All the genetic information within the eukaryotic cell is stored within the nucleus as helical DNA. This DNA is tightly wounucleuscarbohynd around histones as chromosomes. Chromosomes within the nucleus is unwound, unzipped and read by enzymes in a complex series of steps known as transcription. The message on DNA, called genes is copied by RNA polymerase, to form mRNA complementary sequence to that of the DNA strand. These are then translated into proteins in ribosomes.

Further Explanation:

A cell's structural components (i.e. their makeup) determine their function (what they do) . For instance, photosynthesizing cells in algae and plants have structures called chloroplasts. These contain chlorophyll, a specialized compound which facilitates the conversion of light energy to energy stored in carbohydrates. In specific cell types, collected proteins may function as a unit called an organelle. Some organelles are bound by membranes like those that make up the external structure of the cell, with varying compositions of phospholipids and proteins. These are advantageous, as they:

may increase metabolic reaction efficiency; they allow cells to concentrates smaller fractions of enzymes and solutes
separate proteins and molecules that me harm the cell by parceling them into membrane-bound organelles for example, proteaseas bound within lysosomes can break down many structural proteins

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