The Viceroyalty of New Granada was made up of 3. Venezuela, 4. Ecuador, 5. Colombia, and 6. Panama.
Many great European powers had been exploiting China's weak economic system to enforce their own trade regulations for years. The United States simply wanted to join the fray, so the Open Door notes were sent to the European powers basically stating, "Hey, you guys can't own all of China, make sure that all countries get to trade equally with them."
Just as a side note, the Open Door policy with China was extremely hypocritical for the United States, as the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 basically stated that none of the European powers could interfere with the Western Hemisphere... While no one was allowed to touch the Americas, the United States was apparently allowed to mess with the rest of the world.
B. The British East India Company ruled India till 1874
President Roosevelt was born during the Industrial Revolution where everything from the workforce to travel is transitioning from manual to mechanical. Railroads were the epitome result of Industrial Revolution. It erased the separation of countries due to its distances, paving way for new commerce. It made towns along the railway thrive. However, it also meant that those who had the control of the railway system can have the control of the land. Roosevelt was instrumental in stopping wealthy railroad owners from taking control of the American West when he implemented the Sherman Anti-Trust Law.
Saratoga- the continental army preserved and won the decimated burgoynes troops, cut off supply routes and Burgoyne never received his promise and desperately needed reinforcements ( found online so change to oun words)
Yorktown-after three weeks of nonstop bombardment birthday and night from artillery Cornwallis surrendered to Washingtonian the field at Yorktown ending the war ( also found online)