Answer:
Roosevelt sent American troops to put down Cuba
It was a phrase used to justify European Imperialism in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The phrase implies that imperialism was motivated by a high-minded desire of whites to uplift people of color.
France was the country that sold the United States the Louisiana territory, so they could have just said "no you can't have our land."
Runes are the letters of the alphabet used by the Norse Vikings (located in northern Europe).