Passages:
1. Read the passage from A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. [Nora:] I have not been able to put aside much from my housekeeping money, for Torvald must have a good table. I couldn't let my children be shabbily dressed; I have felt obliged to use up all he gave me for them, the sweet little darlings! Mrs. Linde: So it has all had to come out of your own necessaries of life, poor Nora? Nora: Of course. Besides, I was the one responsible for it. Whenever Torvald has given me money for new dresses and such things, I have never spent more than half of it; I have always bought the simplest and cheapest things. Thank Heaven, any clothes look well on me, and so Torvald has never noticed it. But it was often very hard on me, Christine—because it is delightful to be really well dressed, isn't it? Mrs. Linde: Quite so. Nora: Well, then I have found other ways of earning money. Last winter I was lucky enough to get a lot of copying to do; so I locked myself up and sat writing every evening until quite late at night. Many a time I was desperately tired; but all the same it was a tremendous pleasure to sit there working and earning money. It was like being a man.
2.Read the passage from A Room of One’s Own by Virginia Woolf. But for women, I thought, looking at the empty shelves, these difficulties were infinitely more formidable. In the first place, to have a room of her own, let alone a quiet room or a sound-proof room, was out of the question, unless her parents were exceptionally rich or very noble, even up to the beginning of the nineteenth century. Since her pin money, which depended on the goodwill of her father, was only enough to keep her clothed, she was debarred from such alleviations as came even to Keats or Tennyson or Carlyle, all poor men, from a walking tour, a little journey to France, from the separate lodging which, even if it were miserable enough, sheltered them from the claims and tyrannies of their families.
Answer: Ibsen uses a problem-solution structure, while Woolf uses a cause-effect structure.
Explanation:
Both Ibsen and Woolf are describing a statement of a woman where she is wanting to have money for her and to sit in a quiet room, room of her own where she will be feeling peaceful.
Problem-solution Henrik Ibsen is describing one situation in this passage where the woman is giving everything for the children and she feels good about it but on the other side she is like every other woman and she wants to have pretty clothes and her peace so she is finding a solution at the end of the passage which is a job that she was doing late at night.
Cause-effect Virginia Woolf is describing in this passage what is good for one woman to have and what is the current situation that she can see. In the cause and effect structure, there is something that is making the other things happen. Woolf is describing the difficulties that women were experienced because of the current situation in the world.
