Copernicus was going up against everything and everyone, namely the Church. Copernicus would put forth the idea the heliocentric universe. This meant that the sun was at the center and not the earth. This could be taken to mean (and was by many) that God had not placed Man at the Center of the Universe. The idea that there was more that could occupy God than our existence and we were not the most important creature or thing was mind blowing.
I am pretty sure that the answer for the first question is A. Both empires shared similar laws and traditions because The West and East used the same laws and Eastern Roman Empire continued using them.
The second one is definitely b. It serves as a day of rest and worship. as it is main points of hajj for Muslims.
The third is b. a monk who defended the use of icons.
And what about the last one - b. Muslim non-Arabs were granted more privileges than Muslim Arabs. This quite a triky question, but the think you should remember is that Muslim non-Arabs were treated better.
Answer:
believed that everyone has a natural and should have life, liberty. and the pursuit of happines.
Explanation:
They needed a government because they wanted rights.