The Zhou Dynasty used the notion of the Mandate of Heaven to defend the overthrow of the Shang Dynasty. The "Mandate of Heaven" is an earliest Chinese philosophical concept, which was created during the Zhou Dynasty(1046-256 BCE). The Mandate of Heaven decides whether a ruler of China is satisfactorily righteous to lead; if he does not accomplish his responsibilities as an emperor, then he fails the Mandate and thus the right to be emperor. Zhou leaders appealed that the Shang emperors had become fraudulent and unfit, so Heaven commanded their removal.
10 MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF HIM
#1 HE DIRECTED THE PHILADELPHIA CONVENTION TOWARDS FORMING A NEW CONSTITUTION
#2 MADISON DRAFTED THE INFLUENTIAL VIRGINIA PLAN
#3 HE WAS ONE OF THE THREE CONTRIBUTORS TO THE FAMOUS FEDERALIST PAPERS
#4 JAMES MADISON IS CONSIDERED THE FATHER OF THE CONSTITUTION
#5 HE DRAFTED THE UNITED STATES BILL OF RIGHTS
#6 HE CO-FOUNDED THE DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN PARTY
#7 HE SERVED AS U.S. SECRETARY OF STATE UNDER PRESIDENT THOMAS JEFFERSON
#8 JAMES MADISON SERVED AS THE FOURTH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
#9 HE LED THE NATION DURING THE DIFFICULT WAR OF 1812
#10 THE FINAL YEARS OF HIS PRESIDENCY SAW UNPRECEDENTED PROSPERITY IN AMERICA
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<span>When the French got a new government, the U.S refused to repay its old debts to the new leaders.
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When the United States refused to repay debts owed to France,France stopped all trade with the United States.
<span>c. France began to seize American ships and cargo.</span>
formation of a congress
Articles of Confederation formed the Continental Congress comprised of delegates from the colonies who were instrumental in articulating the needs of the states. The Continental Congress was instrumental in the set-up of a national government following the Declaration of Independence,
The correct answer is <span>involved the use of profits from Iranian arms sales to support the Contras
It was a scandal during Regan but the biggest problem was that it sold weapons to Iran which was on an arms embargo which the US didn't care about. The funds gotten were used to fund Contra fighters in Nicaragua which was also problematic.</span>
